Liquids are fascinatingly versatile substances, able to transition between states of tranquil serenity and utter disarray. Steady motion, a state characterized by uniformity, occurs when molecules move in an organized fashion, creating a flow that is smooth. Conversely, turbulence emerges when these movements become chaotic, resulting in a whirling

Engineering design depends heavily on the principles and algorithms of mathematics. Through fundamental calculations to complex simulations, mathematical representations provide engineers with the framework to analyze, design, and optimize systems. A deep understanding of mathematical principles is essential for addressing engineering challenges an